Poverty: Finland vs India – A Comparison Introduction

Poverty: Finland vs India – A Comparison

Introduction

Poverty is not only an economic issue but also a social and human challenge. There are two major types of poverty – absolute poverty and relative poverty. Absolute poverty means the inability to fulfill basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter, while relative poverty means living much below the average standard of living in society.

Poverty in India

In India, poverty exists on a large scale. Millions of people still struggle for two meals a day, quality education, and proper healthcare. Poverty is visible in rural areas as well as in urban slums. The government has launched several schemes to fight poverty such as MGNREGA, Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana, PM-Kisan, and the Public Distribution System. Yet, a significant population still lives below the poverty line.

Poverty in Finland

Finland is among the most developed countries in the world. Here, poverty is not as severe as in India, but relative poverty exists. Unemployed people, single parents, and immigrants are the most affected groups. However, Finland has a strong welfare system – education, healthcare, and many social services are almost free. In fact, citizens also receive basic income so that no one remains hungry or homeless.

India vs Finland: A Comparison

Aspect	India	Finland
Nature of Poverty	Absolute poverty – lack of food, clothing, housing	Relative poverty – inequality in living standards
Affected Groups	Rural poor, farm laborers, urban slum dwellers	Unemployed, immigrants, single parents
Government Support	MGNREGA, ration system, farmer schemes	Free education, healthcare, basic income

Conclusion

Both India and Finland face poverty, but in different forms and levels. In India, poverty often means a struggle for survival, while in Finland, it means living below the average lifestyle. India can learn from Finland’s welfare system, while Finland needs to focus on issues like social isolation and mental health.